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Tuesday 3 May 2011
ScienceBlogs Channel : Medicine & Health
ScienceBlogs Channel : purchase cialis & Health |
- Happy 420 Dudes! [DrugMonkey]
- Experimental Biology 2011 - Comparative Physiology of Anoxia, Hypoxia and Hypercapnia [Life Lines]
- Does meditation make people act more rationally? [Thoughts from Kansas]
- Staph in Food: Reservoirs of Resistance and the Need to Embiggen Research [Mike the Mad Biologist]
- Prayer, surgery, and separating doctoring from dogma [Respectful Insolence]
| Posted: 20 Apr 2011 02:20 PM PDT A little reading for marijuana fans from the blog's Cannabis Archive Yes, it does cause dependence, including symptoms of Withdrawal A take on the conditional probability of cannabis dependence...wait, as many US folks are dependent on cannabis as have ever so much as tried...? Oh, and that K2/Spice, synthetic marijuana stuff containing JWH-018 and other cannabimimetic full agonist drugs? Yeah that causes dependence too. A peculiar phenomenon in some chronic marijuana users: Hyperemesis Parents want to know, "Did the pot make my kid lazy?"
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| Experimental Biology 2011 - Comparative Physiology of Anoxia, Hypoxia and Hypercapnia [Life Lines] Posted: 20 Apr 2011 01:39 PM PDT
Humans need to inhale oxygen to support life. We also need to get rid of carbon dioxide, a byproduct of metabolism. Living in environments with very little oxygen (hypoxia) or very high carbon dioxide (hypercapnia) levels can be life-threatening for humans. This is because a build-up of carbon dioxide in our bodies results in acidosis, which can be fatal if the excess carbon dioxide cannot be disposed of. Life in an oxygen barren anoxic environment is lethal to humans as we rely on oxygen to sustain our metabolism and keep our cells alive. There are surprisingly many animals that thrive in these seemingly dangerous environments. These were the focus of some of the wonderful abstracts presented at this year's Experimental Biology conference in Washington, DC. I will highlight some of my favorites:
-Another study presented by Inbal Brickner-Braun and Dr. Berry Pinshow showed that the Sundevall's jirds were also resistant to large changes in blood pH even under conditions of hypercapnia. This means that, unlike humans, these animals are resistant to the development of acidosis. ("The oxy-hemoglobin dissociation curve of a semi-fossorial rodent in the content of its burrow's hypercapnic environment") -Drs. Isa Maria Lindgren (Johns Hopkins University) and Jordi Altimiras (Linkoping University, Sweden) found that exposing chicken eggs to hypoxic conditions may lead to heart failure in the adult birds as they saw increases in early markers of the disorder after only 5 weeks post-hatching. ("Postnatal Beta-adrenergic desensitization caused by chronic prenatal hypoxia is linked to an increase in Gs and decreased B1AR/B2AR ratio")
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| Does meditation make people act more rationally? [Thoughts from Kansas] Posted: 20 Apr 2011 02:36 PM PDT Via USA Today, we learn about a study showing that people who meditate frequently behave in a more rational manner than non-meditators, and they do so because different parts of their brain take charge of certain kinds of decisions. Experiments like this have been run for 30 years now, and consistently find that people are happy to accept a 50:50 split, but tend to reject the offer of free money when their share of the money drops below some threshold (usually around 70:30). From a purely rational perspective, this is silly. Free money is free money, after all, and how much someone else gets shouldn't make a difference. But it does, because of our sense of fairness, and a desire to punish greed. That desire is rational in some contexts, but not in the Ultimatum Game. In general, people in large social groups should want to punish greed because selfishness is bad for society. If there's a chance of repeated interactions, that punishment ought to make people more likely to behave fairly in the future. Experiments with social monkeys find a similar recognition of unfairness, and a desire to punish it, and similar behavior has been seen in vampire bats. But in the Ultimatum Game, you only get one shot, and the smart move is to take the free money. Punishing greed serves no purpose there, but people do it consistently. The researchers decided to see whether "expert meditators" behaved differently from the general public. They recruited 26 practitioners of Buddhist meditation, folks with an average 10 years of practice (ranging from 6 months to 24 years), who lead otherwise secular lives involving a career, family, etc. For comparison, they recruited a demographically comparable group of 40 non-meditators. They let each of the subjects serve as a responder in the Ultimatum Game. Each responder dealt with a different partner for each round of the game. The partners were confederates of the researchers, tasked with offering standardized splits of the $20 in a randomized order.
Surprisingly, given that they were behaving more rationally, the meditators "did not draw upon ... regions typically seen for mathematical and logical reasoning. Instead, they drew upon ... areas usually linked to visceral, emotional rather than rational, deliberative functions." Their brain patterns were not those associated with an abstract analysis of the game's logic, but rather matched patterns seen in people contemplating altruistic actions. As the authors note, this study cannot say whether meditation caused a change in brain activity, or whether people with tendencies toward these more rational (or perhaps altruistic) brain patterns are more likely to become Buddhist meditators. Nor, if these people's brains really did change, can we distinguish whether meditation caused that, or if Buddhist teachings in general might have rechannelled how people think about situations like the Ultimatum Game. If meditation is retraining the brain, then it's entirely possible that we'd find similar effects from prayer, as other research has found comparable effects on the brain between prayer and meditation. If the trend holds, it may suggest that people who decide to pray or meditate may wind up behaving more rationally than those who reject prayer and meditation as irrational. Read the comments on this post...
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| Staph in Food: Reservoirs of Resistance and the Need to Embiggen Research [Mike the Mad Biologist] Posted: 20 Apr 2011 08:02 AM PDT ScienceBlogling Tara Smith has a great summary of the recent paper reporting high frequencies of multi-drug resistant Staphylococcus aureus in uncooked meat products (S. aureus is the "SA" in MRSA--methicillin resistant S. aureus, so I won't go through the whole paper here (and Maryn McKenna, as usual, had the best early report). But there are two issues I want to raise, the first being that the agricultural system can serve as a 'reservoir' of antibiotic resistance genes and resistant organisms. That is, unlike Las Vegas, what happens on the farm doesn't always stay on the farm. Tara: That also introduces a second issue with staph in meat--it's not only the "classic" problem of toxin-mediated staph food poisoning, but we also have to consider the potential for food-borne S. aureus to be transferred from the meat to the food handler. If they're not careful with their procedures, they could end up introducing staph into any wounds on their hands (thereby possibly causing an infection), or rubbing their nose/eye/skin and introducing the bacterium that way, potentially leading to long-term carriage. Really, in that manner it's no different from picking up S. aureus at your local gym, or school, or hospital--you touch something that's contaminated with the bacterium, and then unknowingly colonize yourself with the germ. Whenever I read about drug resistance in bacteria isolated from agricultural habitats, what Tara describes is the far greater concern for me--you won't keel over and die from touching an uncooked piece of meat (JUST WASH YOUR DAMN HANDS! Haven't written that in a while...). But those bacteria could colonize you, and then use you to either colonize or infect (cause disease) other people or to spread resistance genes to previously sensitive bacteria (which then could cause hard to treat disease). Keep in mind that, in the U.S., most bacterial infections are caused by opportunistic commensals, organisms that usually don't cause disease unless given an opportunity (SO WASH YOUR DAMN HANDS!). This isn't idle speculation either--one of the common S. aureus clones observed was one often found in hospitals. The ag lobby has argued that the study isn't large enough to draw definite conclusions. Which brings me to the issue of 'embiggening' science (yes, embiggen isn't a word, but, on my blog, it is). Read the rest of this post... | Read the comments on this post...
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| Prayer, surgery, and separating doctoring from dogma [Respectful Insolence] Posted: 20 Apr 2011 07:00 AM PDT Over the years, I've learned that a lot of surgeons are very religious. Actually, a lot of doctors are quite religious. Indeed, long ago in the history of this blog, back when I used to write about evolution a lot more than I do these days, I've pointed out that at least as many physicians as the general public accept "intelligent design" creationism as a valid description of the origin of life. Indeed, 15% of physicians believe that states should be required to teach ID and 50% believe that states should be permitted to teach it. In other words, approximately 65% of physicians are in favor of or neutral to teaching ID in the science classroom, a problem that has at times resulted in some bad biology finding its way even into surgical meetings. I have witnessed it myself. Moreover, there are a lot of doctors out there who even advocate for promoting religious beliefs as part of their treatment of patients. At major surgical meetings, there is always the presidential address. It is usually, but not always, relatively early in the meeting and represents an opportunity for the outgoing president to reflect on his or her tenure leading the surgical organization and provide a vision for the future. It is not particularly uncommon that the outgoing president of a surgical organization will wax philosophical, and frequently the philosophical wax applied to the presidential address is religious. Indeed, I remember one presidential address at a Society of Surgical Oncology meeting a few years back that was a veritable swamp of religiosity, to the point that I remember being particularly annoyed. What did any of this have to do with surgery, science, or cialis? Nothing. Yet there it was. As annoying as that address was, though, at least the then-president of the SSO didn't try to justify his religious beliefs using science. Unfortunately, via Pharyngula, I learned the other day that the outgoing president of the Midwest Surgical Association, Dr. Donn M. Schroder, was unable to resist the temptation to do just that in his presidential address, which was just published in American Surgeon last month under the title Can prayer help surgery? The religion flows right from the very beginning: Read the rest of this post... | Read the comments on this post...
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The control group behaved as is typical in these experiments, with steady declines in acceptance after a 70:30 (14:6) split. Meditators began rejecting offers at the same point, but the rate of their decline leveled off around 50% for very poor offers (18:2 and 19:1), while the control group kept dropping. In other words, they were less willing to punish greedy behavior, and more willing to behave rationally by accepting unfair offers.| You are subscribed to email updates from ScienceBlogs Channel : Medicine & Health To stop receiving these emails, you may unsubscribe now. | Email delivery powered by Google |
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Wiltshire Group Launch Campaign Against Homophobia in Sport
Wiltshire and Swindon Men’s Sexual Health has dedicated their own poster campaign to LGBT History Month and the issue of homophobia in Sport, with “Show Homophobia the Red Card.”
This poster will be sent to all gyms, sports centres, and football clubs across Wiltshire and Swindon, to be seen by a wide audience, promoting discussion and hopefully opening a few people’s minds. The group will visit the football clubs during matches and hand out flyers, and have stands and displays where the public can engage with us. They aim to challenge pre-conceptions and help sports fans and participants see, there’s no place for prejudice in sport.
Men's Sexual order cialis has been working closely with the Trowbridge Tigers, Wiltshire's Gay Friendly football team, who recently took part in the Gay Games in Cologne, Germany, a personal highlight for the team.
When asked why they think there haven't been many public football players to have come out player Nick Pitcher says, "well when you look at what happened to Justin Fashanu, when he was disowned by members of his own family and being dropped into the reserves and all the adverse publicity, he went and committed suicide, so it doesn't set the stall up for other players to come out. And it's obvious that every football team, and every league, there are going to be gay players, but they can't come out because of the repercussions, which is a great shame."
And its for reasons like that, Men's Sexual cheap cialis believe this to be a very important campaign so that things start to change, so more players feel safe in the sport they enjoy.
Men's Sexual Health has also made links with The Justin Campaign, which was founded to demonstrate that ten years after Justin Fashanu's tragic suicide in 1998, homophobia is still hugely prevalent in the world of professional football. In 2010 they launched the first International Day Opposing Homophobia in Football and with the second date coming up very soon, Februrary 19th, we ask you to get in touch with your local team and see how you can work together to mark this day, or get in touch with the company to find out more about the work they do.
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